Gingivitis vs. Periodontitis: What’s the Difference?

Gum disease is a common dental condition that affects millions of people. Understanding the difference between gingivitis and periodontitis is essential for early detection, prevention, and effective treatment. At Pacific Highway Dental in Surrey, we provide comprehensive care to protect and restore gum health.

What is Gingivitis?

Gingivitis is the earliest stage of gum disease. It occurs when plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, accumulates on the teeth and gums. This buildup causes inflammation, redness, and bleeding during brushing or flossing.

Key Signs of Gingivitis

  • Red, swollen gums

  • Bleeding during brushing or flossing

  • Mild gum tenderness

  • Bad breath or unpleasant taste

Gingivitis is reversible with proper oral hygiene, professional cleanings, and routine dental care. Early intervention is crucial to prevent progression to more severe gum disease.

What is Periodontitis?

Periodontitis is an advanced stage of gum disease that develops if gingivitis is left untreated. It affects the supporting structures of the teeth, including the bone and connective tissue, leading to tooth mobility and potential tooth loss.

Key Signs of Periodontitis

  • Receding gums exposing tooth roots

  • Loose or shifting teeth

  • Persistent bad breath

  • Formation of deep pockets between teeth and gums

  • Changes in bite or chewing discomfort

Periodontitis requires professional treatment, which may include scaling and root planing, periodontal therapy, or more advanced restorative procedures.

Differences Between Gingivitis and Periodontitis

  • Severity: Gingivitis is mild and affects only the gums, while periodontitis is severe and impacts bone and supporting tissues.

  • Reversibility: Gingivitis can be reversed with proper care, whereas periodontitis requires professional treatment to manage and prevent further damage.

  • Symptoms: Gingivitis primarily involves gum inflammation, while periodontitis includes gum recession, tooth mobility, and potential bone loss.

Prevention and Management

Maintaining excellent oral hygiene, including brushing, flossing, and regular dental checkups, is the most effective way to prevent both gingivitis and periodontitis. Early detection at Pacific Highway Dental allows for timely treatment and preservation of natural teeth.